中国科学院南京天文光学技术研究所机构知识库

The study introduces a technique and apparatus for assessing the atmospheric optical turbulence profile, utilizing the ring  image obtained at the focal plane of a telescope fitted with a cone lens. Positioning of the cone lens is possible either ahead  of the telescope or its focal plane, with the first option providing an expanded field of view and enhanced imaging  efficiency. The algorithmic software analyzes the achromatic ring image from this optical arrangement to determine  angular frequency signals indicative of wavefront scintillation. Subsequently, these signals facilitate the derivation of  statistical data essential for analyzing turbulence, simultaneously forming a theoretical formula for the weight function  that elucidates their correlation with turbulence. Inversion is used to restore the turbulence profile, by analyzing the link  between the wavefront scintillation signal's angular power spectrum and the turbulence's intensity and weight function at  a certain altitude. Remarkably, the suggested optical apparatus shows an absence of chr omatic aberration throughout its  full spectral span (400-1000nm). Given that the achromatic annular image's imaging surface aligns with the telescope's  focal plane and the lens barrel is made of carbon fiber, the ring image's image quality remains unaffected by significant  temperature variations, eliminating the necessity for additional focusing equipment. This method provides an economical  solution with an uncomplicated hardware framework that is straightforward to set up and modify.