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Unveiling Nongray Surface of Cloudy Exoplanets: The Influence of Wavelength-dependent Surface Albedo and Cloud Scattering Properties on Retrieval Solutions
Wang F(王飞); He JP(何晋平)
2022-04-20
Source PublicationThe Astrophysical Journal
Volume931Issue:1Pages:48-66
Abstract

Direct-imaging spectra hold rich information about a planet's atmosphere and surface, and several space-based missions aiming at such observations will become a reality in the near future. Previous spectral retrieval works have resulted in key atmospheric constraints under the assumption of a gray surface, but the effect of wavelength-dependent surface albedo on retrieval has not been shown. We explore the influence of the coupling effect of cloud and wavelength-dependent surface albedo on retrieval performance via modeling suites of Earth-like atmospheres with varying cloud and surface albedo parameterizations. Under the assumption of known cloud scattering properties, the surface spectral albedos can be reasonably recovered when the surface cover represents that of Earth-like vegetation or ocean, which may aid in characterizing the planet's habitability. When the cloud scattering properties cannot be assumed, we show that the degeneracy between the cloud properties and wavelength-dependent surface albedo leads to biased results of atmospheric and cloud properties. The multiepoch visible-band observations offer limited improvement in disentangling this degeneracy. However, the constraints on atmospheric properties from the combination of the UV band (R ∼ 6) + visible band (R ∼ 140) are consistent with input values to within 1σ. If short-bandpass data are not available, an alternative solution to reduce the retrieval uncertainties would be to have the prior constraints on the planetary cloud fraction with less than 20% uncertainty.

KeywordExoplanet surface characteristics Exoplanet atmospheres Direct imaging Spectroscopy Bayesian statistics
Subject Area天文技术与方法
Document Type期刊论文
Identifierhttp://ir.niaot.ac.cn/handle/114a32/1996
Collection期刊论文
中国科学院南京天文光学技术研究所知识成果
Affiliation南京天文光学技术研究所
Recommended Citation
GB/T 7714
Wang F,He JP. Unveiling Nongray Surface of Cloudy Exoplanets: The Influence of Wavelength-dependent Surface Albedo and Cloud Scattering Properties on Retrieval Solutions[J]. The Astrophysical Journal,2022,931(1):48-66.
APA Wang F,&He JP.(2022).Unveiling Nongray Surface of Cloudy Exoplanets: The Influence of Wavelength-dependent Surface Albedo and Cloud Scattering Properties on Retrieval Solutions.The Astrophysical Journal,931(1),48-66.
MLA Wang F,et al."Unveiling Nongray Surface of Cloudy Exoplanets: The Influence of Wavelength-dependent Surface Albedo and Cloud Scattering Properties on Retrieval Solutions".The Astrophysical Journal 931.1(2022):48-66.
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